Charles Nungesser was one of France’s leading aces. His aggressive combat style was similar to Victor Chapman’s – attack under any conditions. Amazingly he survived the war, with 41 victories and a medical record that spanned multiple volumes. He visited the Lafayette Escadrille while on convalescent leave following one of his many combat wounds, and he had himself temporarily placed on the roster so he could fly while convalescing. He scored one victory while attached to the squadron. He undoubtedly discussed combat tactics with the American pilots while visiting, but there is no evidence that he flew any missions with them. His personal motif was considerably more elaborate (and macabre) than Kiffin’s “R.” Note also the fixed machine gun in front of the cockpit. Nungesser was flying a Nieuport 17, the latest model, which featured a synchronized machine gun. The American pilots would get this plane in a few months. (Photo courtesy of Washington & Lee University.)